Essay Outlines 101: Everything You Need to Know to Write Better Essays
26 min read
Published on: Jun 21, 2023
Last updated on: Jul 12, 2023
Writing an essay can be a daunting task, especially when you're faced with a blank page and a deadline looming.
Without a clear plan of attack, it's easy to get sidetracked and lose focus, resulting in a poorly written essay.
The solution to this problem is simple: use an essay outline!
An outline is a roadmap that helps you organize your thoughts and ideas before you begin writing. This makes the writing process more efficient and the end results more effective.
In this blog, we'll explore how to create effective outlines for your writing. With our help, you will be able to streamline your essay and improve its quality.
So, let’s begin by knowing what the essay outline exactly is.
What is an Essay Outline?
An essay outline is a structured plan or framework that helps writers organize their ideas and thoughts before they begin writing. It includes the main points and supporting details of the essay, organized in a hierarchical structure.
The level of detail included in the outline can vary depending on the writer's preferences and the complexity of the topic.
Outlining your essay is an essential step in the writing process. Read more about the importance of outlining your essays in our blog
Basic Parts of an Essay
Every essay, regardless of its type or purpose, has three basic parts: an introduction, a body, and a conclusion. These parts provide a framework for the content and help to guide the reader through the writer's ideas and arguments.
Need an in-depth guide on writing a complete essay? Learn how to write an essay with our comprehensive guide!
Introduction
The introduction is the first part of the essay and sets the stage for the rest of the piece. It typically includes:
- Attention-grabbing hook
- Some background information on the topic
- Thesis statement that outlines the writer's main arguments
Body
The body of the essay is where the writer presents their arguments and supporting evidence. It's typically organized into several paragraphs, each of which focuses on a specific aspect of the topic.
Each paragraph should begin with a clear topic sentence that introduces the main point of the paragraph. This should be followed by supporting evidence and examples.
Conclusion
The conclusion is the final part of the essay and provides a summary of the writer's main points and arguments. It should also restate the thesis statement in a fresh way and provide some final thoughts or recommendations.
Types of Essay Outlines
There are several different types of essay outlines that writers can use to structure their writing. Each type of outline has its own advantages. So, the students should choose the one that works best for their specific needs and preferences.
Here are three of the most common types of essay outlines:
Alphanumeric Outlines
Alphanumeric outlines use a combination of letters and numbers to indicate the hierarchy of the ideas in the outline.
For example, the main points might be labeled with Roman numerals (I, II, III). While the supporting details are labeled with capital letters (A, B, C). And the sub-details are labeled with Arabic numerals (1, 2, 3).
Alphanumeric outlines are a popular choice because they are easy to create and understand.
Decimal Outlines
Decimal outlines use a decimal numbering system to indicate the hierarchy of the ideas in the outline.
For example, the main points might be labeled with a whole number (1, 2, 3). On the other hand, supporting details are labeled with a decimal point and a number (1.1, 1.2, 1.3).
Decimal outlines are useful for topics that have a lot of sub-points or details.
Full Sentence Outlines
Full sentence outlines use complete sentences to describe each point and sub-point in the outline. This type of outline is the most detailed and provides a clear roadmap for the essay.
Full sentence outlines are useful for writers who want to ensure that their ideas are fully developed and logically organized.
How to Create an Essay Outline in 5 Simple Steps
Creating an essay outline is a crucial step in the writing process. An outline helps writers to organize their thoughts and ideas and ensures that their writing is logical and well-structured.
Here are some steps to follow when creating an essay outline:
Step #1: Determine the Purpose and Audience of the Essay
Before creating an outline, writers should have a clear understanding of the purpose of the essay and who their audience is.
This will help to set the tone of the essay, as well as the level of detail that is included in the outline.
Step #2: Choose a Thesis Statement
The thesis statement is the central argument or point of view that the essay will be supporting. It should be clear and concise and ideally should be presented in a single sentence.
The thesis statement should be included in the introduction of the essay and should be referenced throughout the outline.
Learn more about how to write an excellent thesis statement with our guide
Step #3: Brainstorm and Organize Main Ideas
Once the purpose and thesis statement has been established, brainstorm the main ideas that you want to cover in the essay. These ideas should be organized into clear and distinct categories or sections, each with its own sub-points or supporting details.
Step #4: Develop Supporting Details and Evidence
Each main idea should be supported with relevant evidence and details. These can include facts, statistics, anecdotes, or examples.
The supporting details should be included in the outline and arranged in a logical order.
Step #5: Arrange the Outline in a Logical Order
Once all of the main ideas and supporting details have been developed, the outline should be arranged in a logical order. This might include a chronological order, a thematic order, or an order that compares and contrasts different ideas or arguments.
By following these steps, you can create a clear and effective essay outline that will ensure that your ideas are presented in a logical manner.
Examples of Essay Outlines
When creating an essay outline, it can be helpful to see examples of outlines for different types of essays. Here are two examples of essay outlines for argumentative and persuasive essays:
Argumentative Essay Outline
An argumentative essay is a type of writing in which the author presents their stance on a particular issue and provides evidence and reasoning to support it.
The purpose of an argumentative essay is to convince the reader to accept the author's point of view. It is often used to address controversial topics and spark debate.
Below is an example of an argumentative essay outline.
Topic: Should college be free for everyone? I. Introduction II. Body B. Argument #2: Reduced financial burden on students and families C. Argument #3: Potential benefits to society as a whole III. Counterargument IV. Conclusion |
Expository Essay Outline
An expository essay is a type of writing that aims to explain or describe a particular topic in a clear and concise manner.
The goal of an expository essay is to inform the reader about a specific topic, without expressing any personal opinions.
Expository essays can cover a wide range of subjects, from scientific concepts to historical events to literary analysis.
Here's an essay outline template for an expository essay.
Topic: The Benefits and Drawbacks of Social Media I. Introduction A. Background information on social media B. Thesis statement: Social media has both positive and negative effects on individuals and society as a whole. II. Body A. Main point #1: Benefits of social media Supporting evidence: Examples of how social media can connect people and promote social activism Supporting evidence: Studies on the positive effects of social media on mental health and wellbeing B. Main point #2: Drawbacks of social media Supporting evidence: Examples of how social media can be addictive and detrimental to mental health Supporting evidence: Studies on the negative effects of social media on self-esteem and body image C. Main point #3: Impact of social media on society Supporting evidence: Examples of how social media can spread misinformation and hate speech Supporting evidence: Studies on the effects of social media on political discourse and democracy III. Conclusion A. Recap of main points B. Restatement of thesis C. Final thoughts on the importance of being aware of the benefits and drawbacks of social media |
Admissions Essay Outline
An admissions essay is often required as part of the application process for college, graduate school, or other educational programs.
The purpose of an admissions essay is to give the admissions committee a glimpse into the personality, character, and goals of the applicant.
These essays can take many different forms, from personal statements to essays focused on specific prompts or questions.
Given below is an example of an admissions essay.
Topic: Why I Want to Pursue a Degree in Environmental Science I. Introduction A. Personal anecdote or background information on interest in environmental science B. Thesis statement: Pursuing a degree in environmental science will allow me to achieve my career goals and contribute to the betterment of society. II. Body A. Main point #1: Passion for environmental science Supporting evidence: Description of specific environmental issues that inspire me Supporting evidence: Examples of volunteer work or extracurricular activities related to environmental science B. Main point #2: Academic and career goals Supporting evidence: Explanation of specific areas of environmental science I want to study and why Supporting evidence: Description of career goals and how a degree in environmental science will help me achieve them C. Main point #3: Fit for the program Supporting evidence: Research on the specific environmental science program or school Supporting evidence: Explanation of how my background and experiences align with the program's values and goals III. Conclusion A. Recap of main points B. Restatement of thesis C. Final thoughts on the importance of pursuing a degree in environmental science and how it aligns with personal and societal goals. |
Persuasive Essay Outline
A persuasive essay is a type of writing that aims to persuade the reader to take a particular stance on a topic or issue.
The writer presents an argument or viewpoint and uses evidence, logic, and rhetorical strategies to convince the reader of its validity.
Persuasive essays can be written on a wide range of topics, from political and social issues to personal beliefs and values.
Here's an example of a persuasive essay outline on the topic of "The Importance of Voting in Local Elections."
Topic: Do Violent Video Games Make People More Violent? I. Introduction A. Background information on the topic 1. Definition of violent video games 2. Rise in popularity of violent video games B. Thesis statement II. Body Paragraph# 1 A. First argument in support of the thesis 1. Research studies on the link between violent video games and aggression 2. Examples of real-world incidents where violent video games played a role in violent behavior 3. Counterargument and rebuttal II. Body Paragraph# 2 1. Impact of violent video games on brain development 2. Desensitization to violence and decreased empathy 3. Counterargument and rebuttal III. Body Paragraph# 3 1. Ethical considerations and responsibility of game developers and parents 2. Need for regulation and age restrictions on violent video games 3. Counterargument and rebuttal III. Conclusion A. Recap of main points B. Call to action for increased awareness and responsible use of violent video games C. Final thoughts on the impact of violent media on society. |
Personal Essays Outline
A personal essay is a type of writing that explores a personal experience, belief, or idea. It often involves self-reflection and can take many forms, from memoirs and personal narratives to personal essays on specific topics.
The writer's goal is to provide insight into their own experiences or perspectives and to connect with the reader on a personal level.
Check out this example of a personal essay outline:
Topic: Overcoming Fear and Taking Risks I. Introduction A. Attention-grabbing opening or personal anecdote about a time when the writer was afraid to take a risk B. Explanation of the importance of facing fears and taking risks C. Thesis statement: Overcoming fear and taking risks is essential for personal growth and achieving goals. II. Body A. Main point #1: Recognizing fear Supporting evidence: Explanation of how fear can hold us back from achieving our goals Supporting evidence: Personal examples of times when the writer was afraid to take risks B. Main point #2: Confronting fear Supporting evidence: Explanation of how confronting fear can lead to personal growth Supporting evidence: Personal examples of times when the writer overcame their fears and took risks C. Main point #3: The benefits of taking risks Supporting evidence: Explanation of how taking risks can lead to personal and professional success Supporting evidence: Personal examples of times when the writer took risks and reaped the benefits III. Conclusion A. Restatement of thesis B. Reflection on personal growth and the importance of taking risks C. Final thoughts on how to continue facing fears and taking risks in the future. |
Narrative Essay Outline
A narrative essay is a type of writing that tells a story. It can be based on personal experiences, real-life events, or even fictional stories.
The writer's goal here is to engage the reader with a compelling story. And to use descriptive language to paint a vivid picture of the events being described.
Below is a narrative essay outline example:
Topic: My First Trip Abroad I. Introduction A. Attention-grabbing opening or hook that sets the stage for the story B. Background information on the trip and why it was significant C. Thesis statement: My first trip abroad was an eye-opening experience that taught me about the world and myself. II. Body A. Setting the scene: Description of the trip and the location Supporting evidence: Vivid descriptions of the sights, sounds, and smells of the new environment Supporting evidence: Introduction of any other significant characters or events B. Conflict and rising action: The challenges faced during the trip Supporting evidence: Explanation of the initial struggles or difficulties encountered Supporting evidence: Details on how the situation escalated and became more challenging C. Climax and resolution: How the conflict was resolved Supporting evidence: Explanation of how the problem was overcome or resolved Supporting evidence: Personal reflection on the impact of the experience III. Conclusion A. Restatement of thesis B. Reflection on how the experience impacted the writer's worldview or perspective C. Final thoughts on the significance of the trip and what was learned from the experience. |
Descriptive Essay Outline
A descriptive essay is a type of writing that involves using the senses to create a vivid picture of a person, place, or thing. The goal of a descriptive essay is to create a clear and detailed image in the reader's mind.
This can be done using sensory details such as sight, sound, taste, smell, and touch.
Here's an example descriptive essay outline:
Topic: A Day at the Beach I. Introduction A. Attention-grabbing opening or hook that sets the stage for the description B. Background information on the beach and why it is significant C. Thesis statement: The beach is a sensory paradise that offers a unique experience for each individual who visits. II. Body A. Sight: Description of the beach landscape and surroundings Supporting evidence: Details on the colors, textures, and shapes of the sand, water, and sky Supporting evidence: Description of any notable landmarks or features B. Sound: Description of the sounds heard at the beach Supporting evidence: Explanation of the sounds of the waves crashing, seagulls chirping, and people talking Supporting evidence: Description of any other unique sounds that contribute to the experience C. Taste and Smell: Description of the flavors and scents present at the beach Supporting evidence: Explanation of the salty taste of the ocean and the smell of seaweed Supporting evidence: Description of any other distinctive tastes or smells that add to the experience D. Touch: Description of the feeling of being at the beach Supporting evidence: Explanation of the sensation of the sand between toes, the water against the skin, and the warmth of the sun Supporting evidence: Description of any other notable tactile experiences III. Conclusion A. Restatement of thesis B. Reflection on the overall sensory experience of being at the beach C. Final thoughts on the significance of the beach as a sensory paradise, |
Informative Essay Outline
An informative essay is a type of writing that seeks to educate readers on a particular topic. The writer's goal is to provide readers with factual information without necessarily persuading them to take a specific stance or action.
Given below is an informative essay outline template:
Topic: The Benefits of Meditation for Mental Health I. Introduction A. Attention-grabbing opening or hook that introduces the topic of meditation and mental health B. Brief explanation of what meditation is and how it works C. Thesis statement: Meditation can provide numerous mental health benefits, including reduced stress and anxiety, improved mood, and increased self-awareness. II. Body A. Overview of the mental health benefits of meditation Supporting evidence: Scientific research on the positive impact of meditation on mental health Supporting evidence: Personal anecdotes or quotes from experts in the field B. Specific mental health benefits of meditation Supporting evidence: How meditation can reduce stress and anxiety Supporting evidence: How meditation can improve mood and promote positive emotions Supporting evidence: How meditation can increase self-awareness and mindfulness C. How to start a meditation practice Supporting evidence: Tips for beginners on how to begin a meditation practice Supporting evidence: Common challenges and how to overcome them III. Conclusion A. Restatement of thesis B. Recap of the mental health benefits of meditation C. Final thoughts on the importance of incorporating meditation into a healthy lifestyle. |
5 Paragraph Essay Outline
The 5 paragraph essay is often used in elementary, middle, and high school. As the name suggests, this type of essay consists of five paragraphs: an introduction, three body paragraphs, and a conclusion.
The purpose of this essay is to provide a clear, concise, and structured argument or analysis on a specific topic.
Here's an example 5-paragraph essay outline:
Topic: The Benefits of Regular Exercise I. Introduction A. Hook: A statement or fact that captures the reader's attention and introduces the topic B. Thesis statement: A clear and concise statement that presents the main argument or analysis of the essay C. Brief overview of the main points that will be covered in the body paragraphs II. Body Paragraph 1: Physical Benefits of Exercise A. Topic sentence: A clear statement that presents the main idea of the paragraph B. Supporting evidence: Specific examples or facts that support the topic sentence C. Explanation: A detailed analysis or explanation of the supporting evidence D. Concluding sentence: A sentence that summarizes the main idea of the paragraph and transitions to the next paragraph III. Body Paragraph 2: Mental Benefits of Exercise A. Topic sentence: A clear statement that presents the main idea of the paragraph B. Supporting evidence: Specific examples or facts that support the topic sentence C. Explanation: A detailed analysis or explanation of the supporting evidence D. Concluding sentence: A sentence that summarizes the main idea of the paragraph and transitions to the next paragraph IV. Body Paragraph 3: Social Benefits of Exercise A. Topic sentence: A clear statement that presents the main idea of the paragraph B. Supporting evidence: Specific examples or facts that support the topic sentence C. Explanation: A detailed analysis or explanation of the supporting evidence D. Concluding sentence: A sentence that summarizes the main idea of the paragraph and transitions to the next paragraph V. Conclusion A. Restatement of thesis: A rephrased version of the original thesis statement B. Summary of main points: A brief overview of the main points covered in the body paragraphs C. Final thoughts: A concluding statement or call to action that leaves a lasting impression on the reader. |
Rhetorical Analysis Essay Outline
A rhetorical analysis essay examines how a piece of writing uses language to communicate its message and persuade its audience.
In this type of essay, the writer analyzes the techniques used by the speaker or author to convey their message. This includes the use of imagery, tone, diction, and rhetorical devices like ethos, pathos, and logos.
Check out this example of a rhetorical analysis essay outline sample:
Topic: Martin Luther King Jr.'s "I Have a Dream" speech I. Introduction A. Background information on the speech and its significance B. Brief summary of the speech's main points C. Thesis statement: Through his use of powerful imagery, repetition, and emotional appeals, Martin Luther King Jr. effectively conveyed his message of equality and justice in his "I Have a Dream" speech. II. Body A. Examination of the use of powerful imagery in the speech Supporting evidence: Analysis of the use of metaphors, similes, and vivid descriptions to create a powerful visual image in the audience's mind Supporting evidence: Discussion of how the imagery adds depth and emotional resonance to the speech B. Analysis of the use of repetition in the speech Supporting evidence: Identification of the repeated phrases and key rhetorical devices used for emphasis Supporting evidence: Explanation of how the repetition reinforces the message and engages the audience C. Examination of the emotional appeals in the speech Supporting evidence: Analysis of the use of pathos and other rhetorical devices to evoke strong emotions in the audience Supporting evidence: Discussion of how the emotional appeals create a sense of unity and inspire action among the audience III. Conclusion A. Restatement of thesis B. Reflection on the overall effectiveness of the speech's rhetorical strategies C. Final thoughts on the legacy and impact of the "I Have a Dream" speech. |
Compare and Contrast Essay Outline
A compare and contrast essay is a type of academic writing that analyzes the similarities and differences between two or more subjects.
In this type of essay, the writer explores the features and characteristics of each subject and highlights their similarities and differences. The purpose of the essay is to help the reader gain a better understanding of the subjects and make informed judgments or decisions.
Here's an example compare and contrast essay outline for a relevant topic:
Topic: Comparing and contrasting the characters of Romeo and Juliet I. Introduction A. Background information on the play and its significance B. Brief summary of the characters of Romeo and Juliet C. Thesis statement: Despite their differences in personality, upbringing, and social status, Romeo and Juliet share a deep and passionate love that drives the plot of the play. II. Body A. Comparison of the personalities of Romeo and Juliet Supporting evidence: Analysis of Romeo's impulsive and romantic nature, and Juliet's mature and practical personality Supporting evidence: Discussion of how their personalities complement each other and create a strong connection between them B. Contrast of the upbringing and social status of Romeo and Juliet Supporting evidence: Analysis of Romeo's privileged background and Juliet's sheltered upbringing Supporting evidence: Discussion of the societal pressures and constraints that affect their relationship C. Comparison of the themes of love and fate in the play Supporting evidence: Analysis of the portrayal of love as a powerful and transformative force in the play Supporting evidence: Discussion of how the characters' fate and destiny affect the outcome of the play III. Conclusion A. Restatement of thesis B. Reflection on the significance of the comparison and contrast of the characters of Romeo and Juliet C. Final thoughts on the enduring popularity and relevance of the play. |
Synthesis Essay Outline
A synthesis essay requires the writer to bring together multiple sources of information and use them to form a cohesive argument or thesis statement.
In this type of essay, the writer must not only summarize the main ideas of each source, but also analyze them in relation to each other.
Below is an example of synthesis essay outline:
Topic: The effects of social media on mental health I. Introduction A. Explanation of the topic and its significance B. Brief summary of the sources to be used in the essay C. Thesis statement: While some studies suggest that social media use can have negative effects on mental health, other research suggests that it can have positive effects as well, and a balanced perspective is needed to fully understand the relationship between social media and mental health. II. Body A. Summary and analysis of sources that suggest negative effects of social media on mental health Supporting evidence: Statistics and research studies on the negative effects of social media use, such as increased anxiety and depression Supporting evidence: Discussion of the potential reasons why social media use can have negative effects on mental health B. Summary and analysis of sources that suggest positive effects of social media on mental health Supporting evidence: Research studies that have found positive effects of social media use, such as increased social support and sense of community Supporting evidence: Discussion of the potential reasons why social media use can have positive effects on mental health C. Synthesis of sources and development of argument Supporting evidence: Identification of common themes and contradictions in the sources Supporting evidence: Explanation of how these themes and contradictions can be resolved in order to form a more nuanced and balanced perspective on the effects of social media on mental health III. Conclusion A. Restatement of thesis B. Reflection on the importance of a balanced perspective when it comes to understanding the relationship between social media and mental health C. Final thoughts on the implications of this research for individuals and society as a whole. |
If you're still figuring out how to write an effective essay outline, don't worry. Here are some more examples that can help you understand the process better.
To further enhance your understanding, check out this helpful video on this topic.
Tips To Write an Effective Outline
Writing an essay outline can be a daunting task, but with the right tips and strategies, it can be a breeze.
Here are some tips for you to get started:
- Understand the purpose of the essay: Before you start outlining, make sure you have a clear understanding of the purpose and main ideas of your essay.
- Choose an appropriate outline format: There are different types of outline formats, such as alphanumeric, decimal, and full-sentence outlines. Choose the format that best suits your writing style and the type of essay you are writing.
- Start with a strong thesis statement: Your thesis statement should be clear and concise, and it should capture the main idea of your essay.
- Organize your main ideas: Arrange your main ideas in a logical order that flows smoothly from one idea to the next. Use headings and subheadings to organize your outline.
- Include supporting details: Each main idea should be supported by specific details, evidence, or examples. Make sure you have enough supporting details to back up your main points.
- Keep it concise: Your outline should be brief and to the point. Avoid including unnecessary information or details that are not directly related to your main ideas.
You can always refer to the essay checklist to make sure your outline covers every important point of view!
In conclusion, an essay outline is an essential tool that can help you organize your thoughts, and write an effective essay.
By following the examples and tips we've provided, you can create a well-crafted outline that will guide you through the writing process. It will also make sure that your final draft is top-notch.
And if you're looking for professional help with your essays, look no further than TheEssayWritingService.com.
Our team of experienced writers can provide you with high-quality, custom essays that are tailored to your specific needs.
So don't hesitate to contact our expert essay writing service today!
WRITTEN BY
Barbara P. (Literature)
Barbara is a highly educated and qualified author with a Ph.D. in public health from an Ivy League university. She has spent a significant amount of time working in the medical field, conducting a thorough study on a variety of health issues. Her work has been published in several major publications.
Barbara is a highly educated and qualified author with a Ph.D. in public health from an Ivy League university. She has spent a significant amount of time working in the medical field, conducting a thorough study on a variety of health issues. Her work has been published in several major publications.
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